Legislature(1995 - 1996)

04/17/1996 04:10 PM Senate RES

Audio Topic
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
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  CSHB 325(FIN) am No. Slope Heavy Oil Royalty Modification                  
                                                                               
  CHAIRMAN LEMAN  announced  CSHB 325(FIN) am  to be up for                  
 consideration.                                                                
                                                                               
  ED BAIN, OXY USA,  explained that Oxy has an 8.8 percent interest in         
 the Milne Point Unit.  They were one of the original owners and               
 have participated in the commercial development since it was                  
 initiated about 12 years ago.  He said the shallow well oil sands             
 were not economic to develop and current production occurs only               
 from the Green Area Tract 14, about 3,000 barrels per day for 21              
 wells.  They support the Oil and Gas Policy Council's recognition             
 that an incentive is needed for heavy oil and, therefore, support             
 HB 325.                                                                       
                                                                               
  SENATOR FRANK  asked Mr. Bain to explain some of the company's costs         
 that were exhibited to the committee on an overhead projector.                
                                                                               
  MR. BAIN  said that he thought HB 325 went too far with the two              
 percent floor that was added to the holiday.  He provided other               
 scenarios like 450 barrels per day with a two percent royalty which           
 would add one year of royalty reduction to HB 325.  A total of                
 three percent royalty for a period of eight years would be required           
 to get to the same level of profitability for a $4 million                    
 investment.                                                                   
                                                                               
 Number 147                                                                    
                                                                               
  SENATOR FRANK  asked what exactly made heavy oil more expensive to           
 produce.   MR. BAIN  replied that the biggest hurdle is the up-front          
 cash flow rates.  They also produced at a low rate.  He illustrated           
 that a North Slope well might bring in typically 5,000 barrels a              
 day, but the very best heavy oil wells produce less that 600                  
 barrels per day.  They expect a 40 year life with heavy oil and               
 they get about 1/2 the recovery compared to lighter oils.                     
                                                                               
  SENATOR PEARCE  asked if they paid a penalty on the quality bank for         
 the pipeline.   MR. BAIN  replied that it's a poor crude and their            
 tariff cost is higher.  They currently have a $6 deduct going to              
 the West Coast market.                                                        
                                                                               
 Number 299                                                                    
                                                                               
  SENATOR FRANK  asked how the Schrader Bluff accumulation related to          
 West Sak.   MR. BAIN  replied that the two sand groups they produce           
 are basically West Sak sands.                                                 
                                                                               
  MR. BAIN  explained that the next figure shows the progression of            
 time with ARCO's first West Sak pilot well done where they spent              
 over $100 per barrel trying to get heavy oil to work.  They spent             
 about $10 per barrel when Conoco was the operator and the analysis            
 he is showing them for a typical well is about $3 per barrel.  The            
 reason it's much cheaper is because they are doing further                    
 development from existing pads.                                               
                                                                               
 Number 351                                                                    
                                                                               
  CHAIRMAN LEMAN  asked him to explain the difference between $2.90            
 and the $1.80 that was represented last week by BP.   MR. BAIN                
 replied that their difference is based on cost demonstrated to date           
 and BP's involved more speculative goal type of costs and a                   
 projected business plan.  He said that their operating expenses               
 would be about the same level as the capital expenses, about $2.80            
 or $2.90 per barrel.                                                          
                                                                               
  MR. BAIN  said the last figure was a synopsis of the University of           
 Alaska study done to assess the fiscal impact of significant heavy            
 oil development such as full or partial development of the Milne              
 Point Unit's heavy oil.  He said essentially there would be the               
 creation of 322 nine-year jobs associated with the capital phase,             
 which would a drilling of 20 to 40 over a nine-year period of time,           
 and then the creation of 122 41-year jobs, basically careers.                 
 Although this is not a royalty for jobs bill, there are a lot of              
 jobs associated with this level of expenditure over this period of            
 time.                                                                         
                                                                               
 Number 401                                                                    
                                                                               
  SENATOR LINCOLN  asked how he defined "Alaska resident."                     
                                                                               
  MR. JON TILLINGHAST,  Milne Point Unit Attorney, explained the term          
 was from the UAA of study and they didn't give a definition of                
 Alaska resident.  He thought it meant long-term resident, because             
 the jobs were so long-term.                                                   
                                                                               
  SENATOR LINCOLN  said she would be interested to compare what their          
 company projects with resident and non-resident employees.   MR.              
 TILLINGHAST  replied that the UAA report broke down the number of             
 jobs that would go to residents and non-residents based on their              
 analysis and experience.  The jobs listed on the chart are only the           
 jobs projected by UAA.  There would be additional jobs going to               
 non-residents and the UAA's conclusions were that of the total                
 jobs, 75 - 80 percent would be filled by Alaska residents.                    
                                                                               
 Number 428                                                                    
                                                                               
  MR. TILLINGHAST  added that they feel the 15 percent hurdle rate was         
 within the realm of industry standard when they presented it to the           
 Oil and Gas Policy Council.  Arthur D. Little did a report for them           
 that mentioned several times that to encourage new projects you               
 need to get over 15 percent to get most oil companies to look at              
 it.  Also, in reference to Senator Frank's earlier question about             
 what made heavy oil more expensive to produce, he said that low               
 production rates and high transportation costs were mentioned, but            
 added that some of the attributes which make heavy oil particularly           
 on the North Slope difficult to produce is that it lifts slowly               
 because it is heavy and it needs artificial lift to pump from the             
 beginning and also the oil is entrained in sand.  Gravel packs need           
 to be installed to separate the sand from the oil.  These get                 
 clogged and need to be replaced.  Another thing is that because the           
 oil is so shallow the oil is very cold and heat tapes are needed to           
 keep the oil warm enough.                                                     
                                                                               
  SENATOR FRANK  asked what he thought was the most expensive                  
 producing field was.   MR. TILLINGHAST  replied that he didn't know           
 and thought BP could give him an answer, but he cautioned against             
 giving an across-the-board comparison, because of each unit's                 
 unique features.                                                              
                                                                               
  MR. TILLINGHAST  said he had an amendment which clarifies the intent         
 of the royalty which is if you take advantage of the oil relief               
 granted by this bill, you can't apply for a royalty over the next             
 20-years for the heavy oil well you have already gotten relief for            
 under this legislation.                                                       
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE GREEN  commented that he hadn't seen the amendment.           
                                                                               
  CHAIRMAN LEMAN  asked him to review it and give them his opinion.            
                                                                               
  CHAIRMAN LEMAN  announced they would set CSHB 325(FIN) am aside and          
 deal with some other issues.                                                  
                                                                               
 Number 290                                                                    
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN LEMAN  announced  CSHB 325(FIN) am   to be back up for             
 consideration.                                                                
                                                                               
  MR. TILLINGHAST  explained that Oxy thought there were a number of           
 criteria that are important for an effective incentive.  One is               
 that it is sufficient to materially impact project economics.  The            
 second thing is that it should be an up-front incentive because               
 they are trying to encourage new capital investment.                          
                                                                               
 Other states have found that royalty holidays and severance tax               
 holidays are the most effective way of encouraging new investment             
 as opposed to having a reduced royalty over the life of the field             
 which is more effective if you are trying to reduce somebodies                
 operating costs over the long run.                                            
                                                                               
 The virtue of the "purple option" is that the three percent royalty           
 is about 25 percent of Oxy's lease royalties.  Therefore, if it's             
 the legislature's desire to assure that the Permanent Fund's                  
 constitutional share of royalties continue to go into it, it gives            
 the legislature the ability to do that.                                       
                                                                               
  CHAIRMAN LEMAN  asked on page 1, line 15, at what point it was               
 intended that the $15 price be measured.   MR. TILLINGHAST  answered          
 at the well-head lack meter.                                                  
                                                                               
  CHAIRMAN LEMAN  asked on page 2, line 22, why a two-year period was          
 selected for the production records instead of using the same                 
 period the State has for its audit rights for taxes and royalties.            
  MR. TILLINGHAST  replied that they ought to be consistent whatever           
 they are.  He said the issue came up in the House and they couldn't           
 find out what the audit period was for royalty records in                     
 generally.                                                                    
                                                                               
  CHAIRMAN LEMAN  asked on page 3, line 8, if the 450 should be                
 changed to 500.   MR. TILLINGHAST  said that was correct and he added         
 there was another correction needed on page 2, line 3 in the                  
 definition of "actual initial drilling", but the subparagraph only            
 refers to "initial drilling."  "Actual" should be deleted, he said.           
                                                                               
 Number 205                                                                    
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE GREEN  said he had no problem with their first                
 proposed amendment.                                                           
                                                                               
  CHAIRMAN LEMAN  asked on page 3, line 9, what happens if oil with            
 the higher gravity is blended with lower gravity oil to produce a             
 blend that is higher than the low gravity oil, but lower than the             
 20 degrees API cutoff in the bill.   MR. TILLINGHAST  replied that            
 wouldn't be a problem at Schrader Bluff because there are no dual             
 completions.   REPRESENTATIVE GREEN  answered that they are really            
 talking about a very small area.                                              
                                                                               
  MR. TILLINGHAST  added that an up-front incentive is superior from           
 the State's perspective because heavy oil fields have a very slow             
 decline rate and an up-front incentive will net the State more                
 royalties than a similar incentive spread out over the life of the            
 field.                                                                        
                                                                               
  TOM NEISWANDER , Milne Point Commercial Manager, BP Exploration,             
 said this is a resource they have known about for a very long time.           
 It is undeveloped despite three tries.  They have developed 15                
 million barrels out of that 26 billion that are in-place.  The                
 reason for that is that heavy oil reserve is uneconomic. Their                
 bottom line on development costs is $2.75 per barrel.  Add that to            
 the other typical characteristics of this project and that makes it           
 uneconomic.                                                                   
                                                                               
  TAPE 96-58, SIDE A                                                           
  Number 001                                                                   
                                                                               
  MR. NEISWANDER  said that the industry needs to continue to work at          
 bringing its costs down and increasing the initial production rates           
 of those wells.  He said it takes spending money to figure out how            
 to do these things.  He thought the State should encourage those              
 types of initiatives and HB 325 is a simple, clear tool to help               
 them do that.                                                                 
                                                                               
  CHAIRMAN LEMAN  apologized for interrupting, but said there were             
 other time constraints and he thanked him for his testimony.  He              
 said they would prepare a Resources SCS to HB 325 and set it aside.           

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